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401(k) Basics

by: SmartShopper | last updated: August 21, 2009
Category: Personal Finance | Tags: 401(k)
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401(k) Basics A 401(k) plan is a popular type of retirement plan used today. It’s an investment account in which a part of your salary is deferred or delayed and is intended to be used after retirement. That money goes into the 401(k) plan sponsored by your employer and generally does not get taxed by the federal government or by most state governments until it is distributed. In participant-directed plans (the most common option), the employee can select from a number of investment options, usually an assortment of mutual funds that emphasize stocks, bonds, money market investments, or some mix of the above. Many companies' 401(k) plans also offer the option to purchase the company's stock. The employee can generally re-allocate money among these investment choices at any time. In the less common trustee-directed 401(k) plans, the employer appoints trustees who decide how the plan's assets will be invested.

Why invest in a 401k plan

401(k) Contributions are pre-taxed which means your money is deducted to your account before taxes are applied. So in other words you don’t pay taxes while depositing the money into your 401(k) but taxes have to be paid when you withdraw from your account. Check with your company about the details, but most companies match their employee’s contribution to their 401(k). Essentially, your employer contributes money towards your retirement. The amount contributed by your employer depends on the policy adopted by the company. They may also have a clause stating you are entitled to their contributions only after you stay with the company for a particular period and put in a minimum number of hours of service. Some points to consider are: 1) Since the money is directly deducted from the source you don’t have to write checks or keep track of the deposits. 2) By not paying taxes while contributing to your 401(k) you actually save a considerable amount and summed up with the contributions made by your company you actually increase your take home pay. Even if the company you work for goes bankrupt the money in your 401(k) account is safe from liquidation. 3) A 401(k) plan allows you the option of retiring early. After retirement you can start withdrawing from your account at the age of 59½ whereas you can only access your social security at age 65.

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